Moisture In a New Attic Space

A service of Sound Home Inspections, Inc.
Topic: 
Insulation and Energy

Question: 

George, We added an office for my wife to the side of our Modified 2 Story Home. Our house was originally built in 1995 with the addition completed in 2004. Recently, we discovered we had condensation problems in the roof (dead space between the ceiling and exterior roof). The roof was constructed utilizing Engineered I Beams. These I Beams are basically trapped between the roof's underlayment and the sheetrock in the office. We discoverd the condensation problem when water started dripping out of one of the recess lights during cold weather this fall. Upon further investigation, we concluded that the problem had to do with inadequate venting near the top of the roof on this addition. We have vents in the soffits, but there were no vents at the top of the roof to let the heat out. This week we had 3 roof vents installed at the top of the roof. Vents were put in line with the 3 rows of recess lighting we have in our addition. We are assuming these lights were adding to the condensation problem by generating heat that was getting trapped in the roof. We assume adequate insulation was put into the roof as it was inspected and signed off on during construction. We will soon know whether or not our condensation problem has been addressed. My question to you is that now that we have what we hope will be adequate ventilation (although I have my concerns since we basically have rows of trapped dead space based on each set of I Beams being trapped between sheetrock and the roof underlayment), I noticed that I now have drafts coming in around the recess lights, especially during windy days. Good news, it does appear that air is traveling through the roof via the vents. However, if I am getting drafts into the house during windy days, I assume I am also allowing heat to enter this dead space and potentially causing condensation. Since the recess lighting was added during the contruction, I cannot remove the cans to add additional insulation around them. The decorative trim caps help seal the area somewhat, but I can still feel the drafts inside the cans. Was wondering if I should try and inject the liquid, expandable insulation (stuff in a can) around the perimeter of these cans from inside to try and seal up these passage ways? Or do you have other suggestions to address this problem? Or do I just consider these drafts and potential heat loss normal for my home. My real issue is that I do not want to continue to have any type of condensation problem in my roof as well as I do not want to be wasting enery via heat loss around these cans.
If you need additonal information, please let me know.
Your thoughts and assistance would be greatly appreciated.
Dennis

- Dennis from Maple Grove, MN

Answer: 

Dennis,

First of all I note that you live in Minnesota, a land of very cold winters and thus a place where condensation issues must be taken very seriously. So here are a few points and suggestions:

  • Proper roof venting is important, but its only one small part of the condensation issue and will not be the whole answer. You will have to find out where all the moisture is coming from, how to reduce the moisture, how it travels into the attic space and how to reduce that moisture migration. All of this should have been part of the design of your home and the addition. And, it sounds to me as if some mistakes were made during the design and or construction work. I doubt that the problems are just a matter of venting and the recessed or can-lights.

  • The heated air inside your home is like a sponge. This warm air can hold more moisture than the cold exterior air. If that warm moist air is allowed to enter an attic space, the moisture will condense at the coldest surfaces in the attic, e.g. roof sheathing and framing. This in turn will result in damage to the sheathing and framing. With the very cold climates in your area, the differential between the in-door and out-door temperatures is much greater than in more temperate climates. This increases the possibility of condensation issues.

  • Can-lights are a common issue in such cases. There are can- lights that are designed for these types of applications. Most can- lights are not designed for such application and most can't be modified in a safe an affective manner. I would guess that the can- lights used at this addition were the wrong type or were improperly installed.

  • The problem you describe is not simple one and will most likely require a combination of corrective steps. It may require some re-building of the area in question.

  • One of the best ways to find a specialist in moisture issues such as yours is to contact your local energy extension office or a similar agency that deals with energy, insulation and related issues. Your local building department might be one place to start.

  • In order to prevent more damage, you will have to solve this problem soon. But this work will have to be done in a well analyzed and comprehensive manner.

    George

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